ABSTRACT
Pigeon paramyxovirus-1 (PPMV-1) is a strain of Newcastle disease virus (NDV) that has adapted to infect pigeons and poses a constant threat to the commercial poultry industry. Early detection via rapid and sensitive methods, along with timely preventative and mitigating actions, is important for reducing the spread of PPMV-1. Here, we report the development of a TaqMan loop-mediated isothermal amplification assay (TaqMan-LAMP) for rapid and specific detection of PPMV-1 based on the F gene. This system makes use of six novel primers and a TaqMan probe that targets nine distinct regions of the F gene that are highly conserved among PPMV-1 isolates. The results showed that the limit of detection was 10 copies µL-1 for PPMV-1 cDNA and 0.1 ng for PPMV-1 RNA. The reaction was completed within 25 min and was thus faster than conventional RT-PCR. Moreover, no cross-reactions with similar viruses or with peste des petits ruminants virus (PPRV) or NDV LaSota vaccine strains were observed under the same conditions. To evaluate the applicability of the assay, the TaqMan-LAMP assay and a commercial RT-PCR assay were compared using 108 clinical samples, and the concordance rate between two methods was found to be 96.3%. The newly developed PPMV-1 TaqMan-LAMP assay can therefore be used for simple, efficient, rapid, specific, and sensitive diagnosis of PPMV-1 infections.
Subject(s)
Molecular Diagnostic Techniques/veterinary , Newcastle disease virus/genetics , Newcastle disease virus/isolation & purification , Nucleic Acid Amplification Techniques/veterinary , Animals , Columbidae , Feces/virology , Molecular Diagnostic Techniques/methods , Nucleic Acid Amplification Techniques/methods , RNA, Viral , Sensitivity and Specificity , Time FactorsABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION: The novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) could cause physical and psychological dysfunction in severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infected patients. Pulmonary telerehabilitation is strongly recommended due to the contagious nature of the disease, but its efficacy and benefit need to be comprehensively evaluated. METHODS: An 8-week pulmonary telerehabilitation programme is designed in a real-world and prospective manner, aiming to assess the efficacy of remote rehabilitation among discharged patients with COVID-19 from three designated hospitals in the epicenter of China (Wuhan City). The telerehabilitation programme includes physicians and physiotherapists remotely guided training (online) for 2 weeks, and patient self-managed rehabilitation (offline) for 6 weeks with assistance of information technology and digital device. The main rehabilitation intervention includes breathing exercise, respiratory muscle training, aerobic exercise, and resistance training. The primary outcome is 6-min walk distance, and secondly pulmonary function, respiratory muscle strength, physical activity, symptom, psychological status and quality of life, etc. will also be assessed. Patients will be followed up periodically at week two, four, eight after enrolment and at month one, three, six and 12 after the rehabilitation accomplished, respectively. Current study has been approved by the ethics committee of China-Japan Friendship Hospital and three participating centers in Wuhan City. DISCUSSION: We anticipate that the health status of discharged patients with COVID-19 could be improved through this systemic pulmonary telerehabilitation programme. The interdisciplinary remote mode of rehabilitation could be an optimal way in management of emerging respiratory tract infectious disease. TRIAL REGISTRATION: ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT04368793.
Subject(s)
COVID-19 , Telerehabilitation , Humans , Patient Discharge , Prospective Studies , Quality of Life , SARS-CoV-2ABSTRACT
Acute respiratory disease caused by 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) has rapidly spread throughout China. Children and adults show a different clinical course. The purpose of the current study is to comparatively analyze the clinical characteristics of 2019-nCoV infection in children and adults and to explore the possible causes for the discrepancies present. The medical records of 25 adults and 7 children confirmed cases of 2019-2019-nCoV acute respiratory diseases were reviewed retrospectively. All children were family clusters. The total adult patients were differentiated into the local residents of Wuhan, a history of travel to Wuhan and direct contact with people from Wuhan. The numbers were 14 (56%), 10 (40%), and 1 (4%), respectively. The median incubation period of children and adults was 5 days (ranged, 3-12 days) and 4 days (ranged, 2-12 days), respectively. Diarrhoea and/or vomiting (57.1%) were demic by World Health Organiza more common in children, whereas for adults it was myalgia or fatigue (52%). On admission, the percentage of children having pneumonia (5%, 71.4%) was roughly the same as adults (20%, 80%). A total of 20% of adults had leucopoenia, but leukocytosis was more frequently in children (28.6%, P=.014). A higher number of children had elevated creatine kinase isoenzyme (57.1% vs 4%, P=.004). Antiviral therapy was given to all adult patients but to none of the children. In summary, knowledge of these differences between children and adults will not only be helpful for the clinical diagnosis of 2019-nCoV disease, but also for a future discussion on age-specific coronavirus infection.